What Is Pterygium?
Pterygium is a thickening of the thin membrane covering the white of the eye (the conjunctiva) that grows towards the clear front window (the cornea); the main risk factor is sunlight. Early on, protection and drops ease symptoms; if it progresses, surgery with a tissue graft is carried out.
What is pterygium and what causes it?
Pterygium is sometimes called a fleshy growth on the eye. The thin membrane covering the white of the eye (the conjunctiva) thickens and grows towards the cornea.
The main risk factor is long-term exposure to sunlight (UV). Environmental factors such as dust and wind, and a genetic tendency, may also play a part.
Symptoms
- Redness, grittiness and a dry feeling
- A cosmetically noticeable change in the eye's appearance
- As it grows, astigmatism and reduced vision
Prevention and treatment
Sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat help protect the eyes. In the early stages, artificial tear drops can ease symptoms.
If the pterygium keeps growing, affects vision or causes significant symptoms, surgery is recommended. A tissue graft placed after the excess tissue is removed reduces the risk of recurrence. Regular check-ups with an eye doctor are important.
Frequently asked questions
What causes pterygium?
The main risk factor is long-term sunlight (UV) exposure; dust, wind and a genetic tendency may also play a part.
Does pterygium affect vision?
As it grows over the cornea it can cause astigmatism and reduced vision.
Why is a tissue graft used in surgery?
To reduce the risk of the pterygium coming back.
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This page is for general information only and does not replace a medical consultation. Anatomy and treatment plans differ from patient to patient.