Op. Dr. Şeyda AtabayOphthalmologist, İzmir

Dry Eye and Its Treatment

Dry eye is a common condition in which the tear film that keeps the eye surface moist breaks down, causing burning, grittiness, watering and blurred vision. Treatment depends on the cause.

Written by: Op. Dr. Şeyda Atabay, OphthalmologistLast updated:

What Is Dry Eye?

Tears are produced constantly, without us noticing, and keep the surface of the eye moist. When this tear film breaks down, dry eye develops; it is not about being unable to cry.

It is very common: international studies (TFOS DEWS II) report dry eye in roughly 5–50% of adults, depending on the population and the definition used.

Who Gets Dry Eye?

It is more common in women over 40, and heavy screen use is making it more frequent in younger people. Studies show we spend an average of 3 hours a day on social media.

  • Air-conditioned, polluted and dry environments
  • Menopause
  • Contact lenses (especially irregular use)
  • Lack of sleep and smoking
  • Eye surgery, eyelid infections
  • Rheumatic diseases

Symptoms

  • Burning, grittiness, sudden stinging
  • Sometimes reflex watering
  • Blurred vision, especially in the evening
  • Tired, aching eyes

Treatment and Everyday Measures

  • Treating any underlying rheumatic disease or eyelid infection
  • Artificial tear drops and gels (a long-term prescription can be arranged for those who need them)
  • When needed, drops that act on the immune system or autologous serum made from the patient's own blood

Avoiding air conditioning, humidifying the room, drinking plenty of water, cutting screen time, sleeping well and wearing sunglasses can ease symptoms.

Frequently asked questions

How is dry eye treated?

According to the cause: treating any underlying disease, artificial tears and, when needed, immune-modulating drops or autologous serum.

What can I do at home for dry eye?

Avoid air conditioning, humidify the room, drink plenty of water, reduce screen time and get enough sleep.

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This page is for general information only and does not replace a medical consultation. Anatomy and treatment plans differ from patient to patient.